The formation mechanism of orange valvule-like pinhole in rolled aluminium foil was investigated by using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and energy dispersion X-ray spectrum.

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分等试验手段铝箔中"桔"孔成的原因进行了分。

The effects of double coating on the pores of lime titania type stainless steel electrode are studied with high speed cinecamera, oscillograph, optical microscope, SEM with EDS, etc.

采用平板堆焊、高速摄影、波分、光学金相、扫描电镜能谱分等测试方法，研究了双层药皮型不锈钢焊条气孔的影响。